Root Canal
A root canal is necessary when the pulp, the soft tissue inside the root canal, becomes infected. This most commonly occurs when a cavity is left untreated, allowing a gateway for the bacteria to infect the pulp. A tooth subjected to trauma, such as cracks and chips, may also lead to infection of the pulp. A root canal is a safe and effective way of saving your smile.
Symptoms of Infected Pulp
Severe toothache​
This infection of the pulp can cause immense pain. The pain can be exaggerated greatly when pressure is applied to the damaged tooth.
Swelling/Tenderness of the Gum Line​
Infected pulp can cause swelling of the gum line near the damaged tooth. The gums will be tender and more red than usual.
Discoloration ​
The affected tooth will darken and become brown or yellow. This darkened material will be removed during the root canal process and a crown or filling will be placed to enhance the aesthetics of the tooth.
Oversensitivity to Hot or Cold Temperatures ​
The infected pulp allows easier access to the nerves of the tooth, causing hypersensitivity to hot and cold foods/drinks.
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Dental Abscess ​
A dental abscess is a pocket of pus that forms from the infected pulp tissue at the tip of the root. This abscess will produce a lump on the gums and resemble a pimple.
The Procedure
Anesthetic
The dentist will place a small amount of numbing medication on your gum near the affected tooth. Once it has taken effect, a local anesthetic will be injected into your gums. You’ll remain awake during the procedure, but the anesthetic will keep you from feeling any pain.
Removing the pulp
Once your tooth is numb, the dentist will make a small opening in the top of the tooth. Once the infected or damaged pulp is exposed, the specialist will carefully remove it. They’ll be particularly careful to clean out all the pathways (canals) in your tooth.
Antibiotics
Once the pulp has been removed, the dentist may coat the area with a topical antibiotic to ensure that the infection is gone and to prevent reinfection. Once the canals are cleaned and disinfected, the dentist will fill and seal the tooth with a sealer paste and rubber-like material. They also may prescribe you oral antibiotics.
Temporary filling
The dentist will end the procedure by filling the small opening in the top of the tooth with a soft, temporary material. This sealant helps prevent the canals from being damaged by saliva.